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Overview of Popular Wood‑Based Panel Types on the Market
2026-06-17 13:55:01

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Currently, the following types of panels are widely sold: ecological board (melamine‑faced board), blockboard, decorative veneer board, plywood, particleboard, fiberboard, fireproof board, and solid wood. Below is a brief introduction to each.

1. Solid Wood Board

As the name suggests, solid wood board is made from whole pieces of natural timber. These boards are sturdy, durable, and have natural grain patterns, making them an excellent choice for decorative applications. However, due to their high cost and demanding installation requirements, they are not widely used in interior decoration. Solid wood boards are generally classified by the specific wood species, with no unified standard specification. Currently, apart from flooring and door panels, the wood boards we commonly use are actually engineered wood products.

2. Plywood

Plywood, also known as veneer plywood and colloquially as "thin‑core board," is made by bonding three or more layers of 1‑mm‑thick veneers or thin sheets under heat and pressure. It is currently the most commonly used material for handmade furniture. Common thicknesses for plywood are 3 mm, 5 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, and 18 mm. (Note: in the original text, "厘米" is used, but in practice thickness is measured in millimeters; the text states "1厘米表示1厘米", which may be a colloquial usage.)

3. Decorative Veneer Board

Commonly called "veneer panel," this is made by precision‑planing solid wood into thin veneers about 2 mm thick, which are then glued onto a plywood substrate using an adhesive process. It is essentially a special type of plywood, typically 3 mm thick.

4. Blockboard

Blockboard is popularly known as "big‑core board." It is made by bonding and pressing two layers of plywood around a core of spliced wooden strips. Blockboard is less expensive than thin‑core plywood. Its bending strength in the longitudinal direction (along the core) differs significantly from that in the transverse direction, but the transverse bending strength is relatively high.

5. Particleboard

Particleboard is made primarily from wood waste (such as sawdust and wood chips), which is mixed with adhesives and additives, then pressed into panels. Pressing methods are classified into extruded and flat‑pressed types. The main advantage of this board is its low cost. Its main disadvantage is poor strength; therefore, it is generally not suitable for applications requiring high structural strength or heavy loads.

6. Fiberboard (Medium/High Density Fiberboard)

Also known as MDF or HDF, fiberboard is made from lignocellulosic fibers or other plant fibers, bonded with urea‑formaldehyde resins or other suitable adhesives. Based on density, it is classified as high‑density, medium‑density, or low‑density fiberboard. Fiberboard has good impact resistance and is easy to work with, making it popular for furniture. However, in China, the national standards for high‑density board are several times lower than international standards, so the quality of domestically produced fiberboard still needs improvement.

7. Fireproof Board

Fireproof board is a decorative panel made from a mixture of siliceous or calcareous materials, combined with fibrous materials, lightweight aggregates, adhesives, and chemical additives in certain proportions, then processed through autoclaving. It is a relatively new material that is gaining increasing popularity. Installation of fireproof board requires high‑quality adhesives, and good‑quality fireproof boards are more expensive than decorative veneer panels. Common thicknesses are 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.2 mm.

8. Melamine‑Faced Board (Ecological Board)

Also known as ecological board, its full name is melamine‑impregnated paper overlay panel. It is a wall‑decorating material. The manufacturing process involves soaking decorative paper of various colors or patterns in melamine resin adhesive, then drying it to a certain curing stage. This paper is then laid over substrates such as particleboard, MDF, or hardboard, and bonded under heat and pressure to form the finished decorative panel.


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